N-ORDER Z-PLANE FILTER (UNLIMITED POLE-ZERO PAIRS)
L
R
-∞ dB
FILTER CONTROLS
100%
0.0 dB
FILTER RESPONSE
Order: 2 BAR Stages: 1 BAR Total Poles: 1
Z-Plane
3D Spectrum
Frequency Response (dB)
Zeros: 1
Poles: 1
Status: Stable
Numerator (b)
[1, 0, 0]
Denominator (a)
[1, 0, 0]
Drag zeros and poles in upper half-plane
Conjugates mirror automatically BAR Poles inside unit circle for stability BAR Cascaded biquad response with soft clipper
Poles make peaks. X
Zeros make nulls. 0
- Pole: Amplifies around a frequency. Closer to unit circle = sharper peak.
- Zero: Attenuates around a frequency. On the unit circle = complete nulling.
UNIT CIRCLE
far RIGHT (x=1, y = 0) = lDC low freq
far LEFT (x= -1, y = 0) = Nyquist freq (half SR)
12 0clock )x=0, y = 1) = 1/2 nyquist (quarter SR)